前馈控制在儿科病房静脉治疗安全管理中的应用

目的探讨前馈控制应用于儿科病房静脉治疗不良事件安全管理的效果。方法对2010年我院儿科病房静脉治疗过程中发生的不良事件进行回顾性分析，并与2011年进行比较，提出护理干预对策。结果应用前馈控制后护理不良事件的发生率为O．15％，明显低于应用前馈控制前的O．61％，差异有统计学意义（P〈O．01）。结论前馈控制可以强化儿科病房静脉治疗的安全管理，降低不良事件的发生率。     

糖尿病性白内障56例围术期护理

目的:探讨糖尿病性白内障围术期的护理方法.方法:对56例糖尿病性白内障患者进行围术期的护理,如心理护理、血糖监测、饮食指导等.结果:本组患者经过精心护理,术后视力均较术前明显提高,且无并发症的发生.结论:充分的术前准备、周密的术后护理是保证手术顺利进行的关键.     

新生儿病房医院感染控制新理念

目的探讨新生儿医院感染控制新理念,为降低医院感染提供依据。方法比较分析我院2007年8月-2008年8月新生儿科1 027例,2010年8月-2011年8月1 421例新生儿医院感染率,感染部位以及不同的消毒管理方法对医院感染、空气及物体表面细菌的影响。结果 2010年8月-2011年8月医院感染率较2007年8月-2008年8月同期住院新生儿明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);空气、物体表面细菌培养两时期均在规定标准范围内,两种消毒管理方法对空气、物体表面细菌无影响。结论重视感染危险因素,对危险因素进行重点综合防控,强调控制住院新生儿的床位密度,加强手卫生,提升医务人员防控医院感染的意识,落实各项制度和措施,对降低医院感染的发生率至关重要。     

时辰化学疗法联合放射治疗对鼻咽癌的疗效及其不良反应

目的 观察时辰化学疗法联合放射治疗对比常规化学疗法联合放射治疗对鼻咽癌的近期疗效及其不良反应.方法 2006年2月-2010年3月经病理学证实未接受过化学疗法的38例晚期鼻咽癌患者随机分为常规化学疗法联合放射治疗组(A组,n=20)和时辰化学疗法联合放射治疗组(B组,n=18).两组均采用常规二维放射治疗.A组化学疔法...     

Endoscopy screening effect on stage distributions of esophageal cancer: A cluster randomized cohort study in China

Efficacy of endoscopic screening for esophageal cancer is not sufficiently definitive and lacks randomized controlled trial evidence. The present study proved short‐term screening efficacy through describing and comparing disease stage distributions of intervention and control populations. Villages from Linzhou and Cixian were cluster randomly allocated to the intervention or to the control group and the target population of 52 729 and 43 068 individuals was 40‐69 years old, respectively, and the actual enrolled numbers were 18 316 and 21 178, respectively. TNM stage information and study‐defined stage information of esophageal cases from 2012 to 2016 were collected. Stage distributions were compared between the intervention and control groups in the total target population, as well as in the subgroup populations in terms of enrolment and before or after intervention. There were a total of 199 and 141 esophageal cancer cases in the intervention and control groups, respectively. For the target population, distributions of TNM stage were borderline significant between the two groups after intervention (P = .093). However, subgroup analysis of the enrolled population during the after‐intervention period had statistical significance for both TNM and study‐defined stage. Natural TNM stage distributions were approximately 32%, 41%, 24% and 3% for stages I to IV vs 71%, 19%, 7% and 3% in the intervention population. The natural study‐defined stage distributions from early, middle to advanced stages were approximately 18%, 49% and 33% vs 59%, 33% and 8%. Early‐stage esophageal cancer cases accounted for a higher proportion after endoscopy screening, and the efficacy in the target population depends on the intervention compliance.     

学习领域课程设计在护理职业教育中的应用

2006年9月卫生部印发了《关于加强卫生职业教育的指导意见》,就已经明确了卫生职业教育的办学指导方针是"以服务为宗旨、以岗位需求为导向",提出了要深化卫生职业教育教学改革,建立以培养职业能力为重点的课程体系,以专业技术应用能力和基本职业素质为主线,对教学内容进行科学的选择配置,构建科学的知识结构和能力结构[1]。采用何种适合我国卫生职业教育的课程设置方法一直是教育界和卫生界共同探讨的问题。     

Maternal risk factors for low birth weight for term births in a developed region in China:a hospital-based study of 55,633 pregnancies

Low birth weight (LBW) is an important risk factor for neonatal and infant mortality and morbidity in adults..However,no large scale study on the prevalence of LBW and related maternal risk factors in China has been published.To explore the effects of maternal factors on LBW for term birth in China,we conducted a hospital-based retrospective study of 55,633 Chinese pregnancy cases between 2001 and 2008.Maternal sociodemographic data,history of infertility and contraceptive use were obtained.Their medical status and diseases during pre-pregnancy were examined by physical examination at the first antenatal care visit.Maternal medical status before childbirth and pregnancy outcomes,including body weight,infant gender,multiple pregnancy and congenital anomalies,were recorded.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression,and linear regression were used to investigate the relationship between maternal factors and term LBW.The general incidence of term LBW was 1.70% in the developed area of China.After preliminary analysis using the univariate model,low primary education,anemia,hypertensive disorders,placental previa,oligohydramnios and premature rupture of membrane were predicted as independent factors of term LBW in the multivariate model.Furthermore,the decrease in annual frquencies of these risk factors were major causes of gradual decline in the incidence of LBW (from 2.43% in 2001 to 1.21% in 2008).The study demonstrated that among maternal factors,primary education,anemia and hypertensive disorders could contribute to LBW for term birth even in the most developed area of China.